Smart cities are now prevalent around the world, in large part because the smart city promises to create a more efficient, equitable, innovative, competitive, sustainable and livable community

"Smart cities are now prevalent around the world, in large part because the smart city promises to create a more efficient, equitable, innovative, competitive, sustainable and livable community. Most definitions of the smart city emphasize innovations in Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). Consequently, definitions are overly ‘tech-heavy’ or aspirational and vague. The confidence placed on ICTs and the aspiration and vagueness could overlook the impacts of employing the new suite of ICT innovations. Even with smart city literature that covers innovations like artificial intelligence/machine learning (AI/ML), we argue that there is insufficient knowledge from both theoretical and methodological perspectives. We do not know enough about the impacts of smart city innovations on those who plan for the smart city. Moreover, the field would benefit from a more abductive interpretation, using those same AI/ML tools, of the smart city. Our research question is: how do researchers and practitioners plan for the smart city using automated technologies"--